Equipment

We offer you to take a look at the new models of front loaders that occur on Russian market for the past 2 years.

Development at the Saint-Petersburg’s factory of a new model loader Kirovez 3060 is a new step on the way to production of fundamentally new road-building and special machines on own basis. The new product completed with engine YAMZ 238ND6 with power of 235 h.p. and bucket 3,4 or 4,5 m3, transmission ZF, hydraulic system Bosh Pexroth. Application of the latter makes the main parameter of the loader’s work – time of operation cycle (10,5 s). For increasing of operational resource reliability in the new product foreseen a centralized lubricating system Linkoln. On the loader installed an electronic system of positioning jib and bucket, which enables to simplify the operator’s work, shorten the time of work cycle, provide weighing of the load and safety of loading work. Observability, illumination, noise level, concentration of harmful substances in the area of operator’s work, RFI, other ergonomic and ecologic factors meet all the modern requirements.

New model of Orlovsky Factory “Dormash” – loader PK 2703K equipped with engine Cummins with power of 100 h.p., hydromechanical gear cluster Dana (USA). Transmission is well coordinated with the engine, has a good construction, provides a good filling of the bucket and a fast speed-up, increasing the productivity of the loader. For improving the work an elastic clutch is installed (Germany). On the loader a dual braking system with separate drive for front and back axle is adjusted (the managing of the brakes is hydraulic). There’s a built-in brakes with hydraulic drive for disinhibition. Cabin is a all-metal one-seater with modern design, with built-in safety systems ROPS and FOPS, has a good panoramic view.

“Amkodor” company presented two new loaders – Amkodor 320 and Amkodor 317A. High maneuverability of the loader Ankodor 320 at the mode of movement “forward-backward” at loading and unloading is provided by load-amounting transmission (on the basis of regulated pumps and hydroengines Sauer-Danfoss) with full reverse at working diapason which saves a lot of fuel. The high passability of the machine is achieved by using driving axles with latching differential gears from Carraro, wide tires, swinging of the back axle against the horizontal plane under the ankle ±8Î and road clearance 380 mm. The big fulfillments of the bucket is achieved by the big ankle of throwing back (42O). On the loader Amkodor 317A with carrying capacity 7 t. and its modificated version Amkador 317A-01 installed a diesel engine YAMZ 7601.10-24 with power of 300 h.p. Hinges of connections of loading equipment, frames, fully articulated suspension of an axle is equipped with centralized lubricating system. The engine has an autonomous heater which is meant for the easy start of the diesel engine at temperatures under – 12 OC and automatic keeping temperature state of the diesel engine at the parking when stopped. “CHelyabinskye Road-Building Machines” factory of GAS Group has been already marked during the considered period for the two new models of frontlifts.

On model B-175 in the capacity of power shaft is used engine YAMZ 238BÅ2 with power of 300 h.p., corresponding to norms of Euro-2. Hydromechanical gear cluster ZF automatically regulates speed and traction depending on the load, providing smooth run and instant speed shift. Considerably simplified and lightened front and back frames which gave the opportunity to move the load to axles with unloading the front axle. Articulated frame with ankle of folding up to 40O increases maneuverability and ergonomy of the machine, and wide cross section tires 26,5-25 guarantee an advanced passability and stability of the machine on the ground.   General configuration Â-175 facilitates maintenance service of a loader, giving an easy approach to the engine, GMP and to other working mechanisms. Improvement of the kinematic scheme of the working equipment reduces time of a running cycle, and increase in corners of unloading and throwing back provides the best fulfilment of a bucket and an opportunity of comfortable work with cars with the increased boards. The cabin has panoramic glazing. At model Â-140 in comparison with the predecessor, carrying capacity has raised up to 4,5 t. with respective increase in nominal volume of a bucket up to 2,5 m3. Thus it is necessary to notice, that the width of a ladle has remained former and does not exceed 2500 mm owing to what the loader can move without restrictions on roads of the general using. On a loader engines YAMZ 236Ì2 or Deutz (Tier3) are applied. Capacity of the engine and four-stage check point allows to choose the most productive operating mode of a loader and to accelerate momentum up to 37 km/hours. Instead of a reducer of a pump drive on the engine and intermediate cardan support on the front axle in new model it is established elastic clutch with a drive on hydromechanical transmission. On transmission the dual pump for working bodies and steering management is placed. With the front axle transmission incorporates by means of cardan with the hinge of equal angular speeds. Changes have concerned also the kinematic scheme of actions of the working equipment. The Z-shaped kinematic scheme with one hydrocylinder of overturning of a bucket possesses the raised size tear efforts (115 êÍ), that is important at work with strong materials. The corner of overturning of a bucket in the bottom position is increased up to 50Î. Such reorganization provides higher working speeds of the loading equipment and reduces duration of a running cycle. For improvement of weighing out of loader Â-140 the wheel base is changed, the integral counterbalance is additionally established.

Cheboksarsky factory «PromTraktor» continues to expand a ruler of wheel frontlifts. The next updating – loader Pk40 CHETRA. On the loader diesel engine Cummins QSB6.7 of liquid cooling with a turbo-supercharging and cooling of supercharging air is set. Hydromechanical transmission includes a reducer of a drive of pumps and the hydrotransformer, a planetary gear cluster, a distributing reducer and two main conic transfers placed together with differentials in frontand back axles. On TCHTZ-Uraltrak creation of a line of wheel loaders by carrying capacity from 3 up to 9 ò comes to the end. Loaders PK-30, PK-46, PK-65 and according to their completing (engine Deutz, gear clusters and leading exles of production ZF, hydroallocator Hidrocontrol) correspond to requirements of the Russian standards, including the sanitary-and-epidemiologic conclusions on conformity to sanitary norms on vibration, noise and maximum concentration limit of harmful substances. Hydromechanical transmission (GMT) loaders with an electronic control system and diagnostics allows to work both in manual, and in an automatic mode of switching of transmissions. Constructive decisions provide optimum operating mode GMT that makes unit trouble-free and durable. The kinematics of the hinged equipment of loaders allows by lowering of a jib to return bucket after unloading in position of clusteriing the ground. This feature of construction in combination with the bucket so-called « deep filling » and proportional servohydraulic management provides an advantage in productivity. PK-65 has the same basic scheme, design, a cabin with joystic of servohydraulic control systems of a bucket, as well as PK-30 and PK-46. Nevertheless all other units and elements are designed anew under the big dimension type, plus equipment by more powerful diesel engine YAMZ-238 in 240 h.p. (in PK-46 – 180 h.p.). In 2007-2008 company Case lead essential modernization of the production program in a range of wheel forntlifts. Instead of former series D new series E of loaders of model line 521E, 621E, 721E, 821E, 921E is introduced, representing essential increase of productivity parameters, fuel efficiency, reliability, durability, comfort of the operator and ecology . Absolutely new model 1221E is also started, expanding assortment of loaders in a direction of heavy models. Even before Case lead deep modification of its compact loaders of models 21E, 121E, 221E, 321E. Design features and differences of new generation of loaders concerned practically all basic components of machines. All engines now meet the requirements of standard Tier 3 and are based on modern technologies: injection of fuel under ultrahigh pressure by means of general fuel line Common Rail, electronic management of injection, recirculation of exhaust gases, etc., which provides essential increase in capacity (on the average in 13 %) at decrease in the charge of fuel in 20 % under equal conditions of operation. For all models the system of several operating conditions is realized which allows to adapt work of a loader to conditions of exploitation. For all models the system of several modes of idling is realized which promotes significant economy of fuel . Fully the automatic gear clusters with the extended electronic module of management which provides adequate and smooth switchings, increases reliability, productivity and promotes comfort of the operator. The module provides also protection at cold start, an opportunity of programming of the maximum and lowest transmission, automatic downturn of transmission. The hydraulic system is based on the scheme of indemnification of pressure and the charge and spends capacity at exact conformity with a level of need for it. The system of stabilization Ride Control with an opportunity of automatic or constant inclusion is introduced. The module of cooling with the central arrangement is established between a cabin and the engine (except for 921E and 1221E) due to what the engine is moved back and plays a role of a counterbalance (reduction of "dead" weight). Access to the module of cooling is opened from three parties which allow placing all radiators so, that none of them is shielded by another. From the latest news about frontlifts JCB it is possible to note modernization of 426-th and 436-th models. The modernized loaders have received new cabins – same, as on senior 456-th model. Convenient controls in combination with a new seat, completely adjustable steering column, good visibility and the lowered noise level provide comfort for the operator. Machines have received new design of a back frame, including cast back lateral panels instead of plastic and a new counterbalance which allowed to displace the centre of gravity back and to increase a corner back overhang. The maximal overturning loading and carrying capacity 426HT have grown by 13 %, and 436HT – by 12 %. For models 426ZX and 436ZX, equipped by the Z-shaped mechanism of hoist, the benefit in carrying capacity also is essential. Capacity and the maximal torque of the engine of 426-th model increased by7 % and 16 % accordingly. The torque of loader JCB 436 has grown by 2 %. Due to a new design of a counterbalance the corner back overhang has grown by 3Î (with 25Î up to 28Î), which allows machines to get to more abrupt embankments and barriers. For improvement of accuracy of management of a bucket and the hinged equipment the hydraulic system has undergone through changes. Instead of an old series of loaders LX company Hitachi Construction Machinery has started to release of loaders of series ZW. For the first time in the industry the scheme of the full control of work of the engine and submission of the pump is used. New diesel engines with electronic management correspond to norms of Euro-3 on emissions of the fulfilled gases and European norms Stage II on admissible noise. There are 3 operating modes of automatic transmission for the choice of operator. Thanks to proportional differential movement on soft soils is carried out without proslipping of the wheels. The so-called system TT which helps to supervise torqueof the engine during work is installed. There offered three operating modes of the machine: a mode of high capacity, a normal mode and a mode of low power. In each mode system TT operates the torque of the engine for balancing effort and speed of performance of operations. The design of front and back axles has been modernized for the increase of reliability. Carters of axles became thicker which provides safety of work in mines. The cabin of the driver is established on hydrosupports which absorb impacts, vibration and reduce resonant fluctuations. New models ZW140PL, ZW150PL and ZW 180PL are equipped by the parallel hinged device (PNU) which increases their flexibility for application at various operations. When a jib PNU rises, change of an overhang ankle is minimal (less 3Î) in comparison with standard wheel loaders (more 26Î). New models with PNU are equipped with a high-speed clutch, accelerating and simplifying change of an overhang. Due to hydrostatic transmission (GST) greater mobility with full loading of a bucket or the hinged equipment, smoother management on biases is provided, at acceleration and delay. Simultaneous movement of a clutch of a loader and bucket, also increases efficiency of hosting and moving. The electronic management of the coordination, developed for the first time in branch, measures hydraulic pressure and operates traction effort, optimizing productivity and reducing to a minimum deterioration of trunks and consumption of fuel.

Loaders Caterpillar of new series Í which has replaced models of former series GII, have a number of constructive changes. The hydrosystem was essentially modified, thanks to what, the time of a cycle and as consequence, the general productivity of a loader is increased. Besides the electrohydraulic controls have been introduced, which integrated into armrests which allowed to lower efforts for them, and also to automate many often repeated operations. All points of service on loaders of series Í now are grouped in two service centers, located in convenient access from a level of the ground. One of them is from the left part of the machine and allows to serve the system of the electric equipment, the second, being on the right, provides access to valves of pressure check, filters and other points of the control and service of hydraulic system. A number of innovations have been directed to increase of comfort of the operator and automation of loading process. The system of automatic filling of bucket Autodig allows to carry out an inclination of a bucket and hoist of a jib at filling a bucket without participation of the operator, with optimum speed, with the least proslipping of wheels and, accordingly, the minimal deterioration of trunks and the charge of fuel at the maximal productivity. The loader of model 938Í now is equipped by compulsory blocking of differential of the front axle which allows improving characteristics of work of a loader in comparison with differential of the raised friction. On a loader of model 930Í system QuickSteer, allowing to facilitate work of the operator is offered at maneuvering while loading when it is necessary to carry out constantly full turn from one extreme position to another at maneuvering from a site of a material to a body of the car. After activation of system QuickSteer for this purpose it is enough for operator to turn a sterring wheel on a corner 30Î to the left or to the right instead of several full turns of a rudder which allows to lower time of a cycle of loading.

At Komatsu updating in a line of loaders of an light class – WA150-5, WA180-3, WA200-5. Machines are equipped with the cabin of the operator strengthened and increased in sizes. In a cabin the conditioner which fixture is carried out by means of new dampers with elastic inserts is stipulated. They, in turn, allow extinguishing substantially vibration and noise (the reached parameter of noise is the lowest among machines of the given class – 70 dB). Loaders can easily maneuver in the limited spaces that are especially actual in a city boundaries, due to the big ankle of folding half-frames (40Î). Model WA200-5 is equipped by hydrovolumetric transmission with electronic management (electronic control HST) which besides economy of fuel allows to keep traction effort of the engine even at low turns. The techniques possesses the monitoring system of the equipment of the EMMS-monitor established in a cabin which informs the operator on a condition of the machine. With a view of non-admissioned proslippings of driving wheels the monitoring system of traction effort (TCS) is introduced. Modelling number PowerCat of company Shandong Lingong Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. has undergone through significant completions. Into the device of hydraulic system of loader PowerCat PC.30 have been made changes: the hydraulic tank is extended, the tube of return of oil is transferred from a forward part of a hydrotank to the bottom part. Also the spherical valve plum of oil from hydraulic system is added. The starter of engine PC.30 now is protected by a special plastic casing. On a hose of return submission of fuel the filter is established. SDLG together with company Volvo worked with design of an interior and the ex-terrier of a cabin. For greater stability of a loader the weight of a bumper is increased by 200 kg. Loader PowerCat PC.50 has received changes in the ex-terrier, similar models PC.30. The main innovation – former engine Styer WD 615 has been replaced on new low-rotating (2000 rev/min.) WD10G. It allowed to lower consumption of fuel by 10 %, and noise level – by 3 dB. Diameter of the fan of the engine is increased, which affected in more effecient way the cooling of the engine, now a loader can work at temperature up to 50 ÎC. To the new engine the new increased hydrotransformer is picked up, allowing to raise tearing effort of a loader up to 16,5 ò, force of draft – up to 160 Kn (15 Kn) in comparison with the previous model . Also on 5-tonne were installed 18-layer trunks instead of previous 16-layer. New models of frontlifts LiuGong are completed with engines Cummins and Deutz, corresponding ecological norms (Tier 2 and Tier 3). Frames of loaders are executed from high-quality steel with application of semi-automatic welding that lets to reduce quantity of welded seams and to provide greater safety factor. Overlapping of hydrosystem of steering management and the working equipment through the priority valve allowed increasing the productivity of loaders. Application of the 4-element hydrotransformer in a design of frontlift CLG 835 allowed to increase the factor of transformation up to 4,56. It improves traction qualities of the machine and makes a more comfortable work of the driver. And the introduced 2-planimetric system of cooling transmission oils on loader CLG 888 in leading axles considerably increases motor potential of reducers and frictional brakes, cooling them. German firm Hermann Paus Maschinenfabrik GmbH has presented a new loader with rotary jib SL 1055. Thanks to stepless hydrostatic drive of movement with adjustment of a maximum load the machine possesses high capacity and the raised passableness. Compact dimensions allow a loader to be developed and maneuver easily. The working range of a bucket due to turn of a jib makes 180Î, still 80Î gives management by folding the hinge-jointed frame, thus, the general radius of action of a loader makes 260Î. Function of turn of a jib allows carrying out loading, transportation and unloading of cargoes sideways of machines without additional maneuvering that is especially convenient in the limited space.

 In 2008 updating of model lineup of wheel loaders Liebherr came to the end. All the wheel loaders of a series 2plus2 began to be issued in the form of machines of the so-called 6-th generation, new loaders of an average dimensional class began to be marked by an index 2plus1. The Production program of loaders has extended due to two models new to Liebherr dimensional classes: loaders L 542 2plus1 and L 586 2plus2. The latter today is the greatest in the world wheel loader with hydrostatic transmission. The basic design feature of loaders is the hydrostatic drive of transmission that provides not only increase of productivity, but also essential decrease in the charge of fuel. In new generation of loaders of the middle class which doesn't have gear clusters, transmission began to be equipped with additional system 2plus1 for the increase in the maximal speed of movement up to 40 km/h which did not exceed 35 km/h earlier. Machines distinguish new engines Liebherr Tier 3/Stage 3. Compared with previous models, there significantly reduced noise level (inside the cab of 3 dB, from the outside - 2 dB).

Shantui factory today delivers three machines to Russia: SL30W, SL50W, SL50W-2. 10-ton loader SL30W is equipped by diesel engine Wuxi of 6110 manufactured by Wuxi Diesel Engine with low consumption of fuel which provides the big torque, low noise level. Hydraulic transmission and steering management allow operating with ease movement of the machine. On a loader the system of automatic alignment of a bucket is established. The new frame provides small radius of turn. The brake system is equipped by the additional emergency contour excluding an opportunity of refusal. 17-ton SL50W is equipped with motor STEYR WD615 capacity 220 h.p., and its analogue SL50W-2 – patent engine Shangchai C612. The heavy weight and wheel base help to reach the maximal stability.

Came to replace the series Å, series F of company Volvo Construction Equipment is characterized by the improved productivity, smoothness of work, simplicity of operation, comfort of the operator and the lowered toxicity of exhaust gases. Own power units, the hydrosystem changing parameters of work depending on loading, new system of elevating levers and new cabin Care Cab promote the maximal productivity of machines, as well as the operator, using the specialized equipment for each problem – for smaller time and with smaller efforts. To satisfy with requirements Tier 3 on toxicity of the fulfilled gases, five average models from nine in lineup F are equipped by system of optimization of combustion of fuel Volvo V-ACT. The system combines direct injection of fuel under greater pressure by means of general fuel stage Ñommon Rail, the electronic controller managing combustion, and internal recirculation system of the fulfilled gases, reducing emissions NOx. On all models of series F the gear clusters HTE providing automatic switching with first on fourth transfers are established. The new software in the electronic block of management optimizes change of gears, constantly tracing the moments of switchings. Delay is provided with onboard brake disks with oil cooling and a two-planimetric hydraulic brake line. New heavy-duty axles – one more feature of a lineup of wheel loaders Volvo. The forward solid axle has differential with 100 %-s' blocking. Series F is equipped with the electronic diagnostic system, allowing prolonging service life of the machine, to increase coeffient of efficiency and productivity.

 

OPINION OF AN EXPERT 1

Ferid Sadykov, d.t.s., the professor, the honored worker of earthmoving branches, Case Construction

 

Frontlifts are one of the most widespread types of the building machines widely used on various kinds of works. Practically all leading manufacturers of building technics have scale of frontlifts in the production programs. In connection with a wide demand technical perfection of frontlifts continuously proceeds in directions of development of new generations of economic and ecologically pure engines, perfection of systems of hydraulics and transmissions, introductions of modern electronic means and control systems. One of the most perspective directions is development of hybrid technologies for frontlifts in which diesel and electric engines are combined, standard transmission, and axles are replaced with electric motors in each wheel, etc. The purpose of all of these newest researches – increase of fuel efficiency, decrease in noise level, minimization of harmful influence on an environment. The important component of modern development of wheel loaders is expansion of a range of applied instruments (buckets, claws and so forth), which makes these machines even more effective.

 

OPINION OF AN EXPERT 2

 

Michael Zubkov, the senior representative on marketing and sales, OOO « Caterpillar CIS »

 

Against the background of the fast economic growth that has been occurred until recently for the last few years, demand for loaders has led to occurrence in the market of a huge number of the companies-producers offering various at the price and technological level models. For example, if in the market of bulldozers similar in volume of sold units of technics, it is presented no more than ten companies-manufacturers, when in the market of loaders the account goes on some tens, and each of them finds the niche among consumer preferences. It is caused by universality of frontlifts and a variety of spheres of their application. If the loader is boucht as the auxiliary machine and will be used a few hours per day on the foreground for the customer there is a price, here again the most attractive appear the models of the Chinese and domestic manufacturers. If the loader is bought for work, for example, at asphalt-concrete factory and from parameters of its work productivity will depend the entire enterprise, and breakage will cause equipment downtime and technics on all technological chain, at the first place there are such parameters as reliability, productivity, factor of technical readiness. In this case at the first place there are models of world brands, such as Caterpillar, Volvo, JCB, Liebherr, owing to high quality and realized in them advanced technical decisions.